The range of cars that can run on renewable fuels is increasing.
Primarily it is about cars that can run on ethanol (E85) and biogas.
There is also a certain range of cars with electric and hybrid drive.
For all those in the emissions of fossil carbon dioxide per kilometer can be reduced significantly.
Gasoline
Gasoline is still the preferred fuel in the world. 95-octane petrol sold consists of 95 percent oil and five percent ethanol. Ethanol share is limited today to five percent of EU fuel directive, but the regulations have changed. From January 2011 the possibility to increase this share to 10 percent.
Diesel
If you choose a diesel car can consumption and carbon emissions reduced by about 20 percent compared with a gasoline-powered car of similar size and engine power due to the diesel engine's greater fuel efficiency. Upon incineration, one liter of diesel rise to 2.48 kg of fossil carbon dioxide. If account is taken instead to fuel the entire life cycle (such as air pollution caused by refining, distribution, etc) are emissions 2.98 kg. Compared with a gasoline-powered car causing diesel cars slightly higher emissions of mainly nitrogen oxides - which acidifies soil and water - and particles that are harmful to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Most new diesel cars have particulate filters (Environment 2005PM), which reduces these problems.
Ethanol (E85)
E85 (15 percent ethanol mixed with gasoline, 25 percent in winter) is a fuel of mostly manufactured from renewable raw materials such as sugar cane and cereals. Ethanol has less energy content than gasoline. Consumption per mil is therefore about 35 percent higher than with gasoline. From a lifecycle perspective, carbon dioxide emissions about 55 percent lower than with gasoline. When considering also the emissions of fossil carbon dioxide generated in producing and distribution of both ethanol and gasoline.
Cars can run on E85 are called flexi-fuel cars because they can run on any mixture of gasoline and E85. Transport Agency's assessment is that the percentage of E85, which was refueled in ethanol vehicles in 2009 was about 60 percent. With this degree of E85 fueling releasing ethanol vehicles out about 20 percent less carbon dioxide than the average new petrol car. Emissions of other substances that are hazardous to environment and health is about the same as for petrol cars.
The number of filling stations with E85 is increasing rapidly across the country and the beginning of September 2010 there were about 1700 pieces.
Vehicle
Vehicle fuel consisting mainly of methane. It may be renewable (biogas, made from organic material such as sludge, manure and waste) or have fossil (natural gas).
Clean biogas, essentially no fossil emissions, but small amounts of the greenhouse gas methane released during production. Although biogas-powered vehicles therefore affect climate, but emissions are 80-90 percent lower than with gasoline. Natural gas reduces carbon emissions about as much as diesel fuel compared to gasoline, which is around 20 percent. Emissions of other substances that are hazardous to environment and health is about the same as for petrol cars.
Many models starting and running a shorter distance on petrol before the engine turns to gas. The petrol tank may sometimes be small (15 liters) while other models have larger gas tank and you can then run a greater distance as gasoline.
Electric hybrid cars
In hybrid cars combine a conventional internal combustion engine with one or more electric motors and a battery to store energy from the engine and under braking. In this way, fuel consumption is lower. Since the combustion engine will automatically stop when you stop at a red light for example, there will be no idling. Electric hybrid cars have their biggest advantage in heavy city traffic where the number of stops and starts are great, but even at highway operation, fuel consumption is relatively low because hybrid vehicles are usually equipped with relatively small internal combustion engines.
For all those in the emissions of fossil carbon dioxide per kilometer can be reduced significantly.
Gasoline
Gasoline is still the preferred fuel in the world. 95-octane petrol sold consists of 95 percent oil and five percent ethanol. Ethanol share is limited today to five percent of EU fuel directive, but the regulations have changed. From January 2011 the possibility to increase this share to 10 percent.
Diesel
If you choose a diesel car can consumption and carbon emissions reduced by about 20 percent compared with a gasoline-powered car of similar size and engine power due to the diesel engine's greater fuel efficiency. Upon incineration, one liter of diesel rise to 2.48 kg of fossil carbon dioxide. If account is taken instead to fuel the entire life cycle (such as air pollution caused by refining, distribution, etc) are emissions 2.98 kg. Compared with a gasoline-powered car causing diesel cars slightly higher emissions of mainly nitrogen oxides - which acidifies soil and water - and particles that are harmful to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Most new diesel cars have particulate filters (Environment 2005PM), which reduces these problems.
Ethanol (E85)
E85 (15 percent ethanol mixed with gasoline, 25 percent in winter) is a fuel of mostly manufactured from renewable raw materials such as sugar cane and cereals. Ethanol has less energy content than gasoline. Consumption per mil is therefore about 35 percent higher than with gasoline. From a lifecycle perspective, carbon dioxide emissions about 55 percent lower than with gasoline. When considering also the emissions of fossil carbon dioxide generated in producing and distribution of both ethanol and gasoline.
Cars can run on E85 are called flexi-fuel cars because they can run on any mixture of gasoline and E85. Transport Agency's assessment is that the percentage of E85, which was refueled in ethanol vehicles in 2009 was about 60 percent. With this degree of E85 fueling releasing ethanol vehicles out about 20 percent less carbon dioxide than the average new petrol car. Emissions of other substances that are hazardous to environment and health is about the same as for petrol cars.
The number of filling stations with E85 is increasing rapidly across the country and the beginning of September 2010 there were about 1700 pieces.
Vehicle
Vehicle fuel consisting mainly of methane. It may be renewable (biogas, made from organic material such as sludge, manure and waste) or have fossil (natural gas).
Clean biogas, essentially no fossil emissions, but small amounts of the greenhouse gas methane released during production. Although biogas-powered vehicles therefore affect climate, but emissions are 80-90 percent lower than with gasoline. Natural gas reduces carbon emissions about as much as diesel fuel compared to gasoline, which is around 20 percent. Emissions of other substances that are hazardous to environment and health is about the same as for petrol cars.
Many models starting and running a shorter distance on petrol before the engine turns to gas. The petrol tank may sometimes be small (15 liters) while other models have larger gas tank and you can then run a greater distance as gasoline.
Electric hybrid cars
In hybrid cars combine a conventional internal combustion engine with one or more electric motors and a battery to store energy from the engine and under braking. In this way, fuel consumption is lower. Since the combustion engine will automatically stop when you stop at a red light for example, there will be no idling. Electric hybrid cars have their biggest advantage in heavy city traffic where the number of stops and starts are great, but even at highway operation, fuel consumption is relatively low because hybrid vehicles are usually equipped with relatively small internal combustion engines.
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